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Chivalry and the Rise of Military Aristocracy
Over time, chivalry changed from an institution meant to protect the weak into a system that often oppressed ordinary people. Initially designed to defend...
The Dark Side of Chivalry
While chivalry is often remembered for its bright displays of armor, tournaments, and noble deeds, its darker aspects cannot be ignored. The reality of...
Chivalry and Religion
In many histories of chivalry, the role of knights as defenders of the Christian religion is praised as one of the institution’s greatest achievements....
Hygiene and Epidemiological Care in Bulgaria
Levels of Organization
Bulgaria’s hygiene and epidemiological system is organized according to the administrative divisions of the country and follows a regional principle of medical...
Organization of Care
In Bulgaria, hygiene and epidemiological care is planned, organized, and directed by the inspectorates of hygiene and epidemiology. These inspectorates ensure that public health...
Public Health System in Bulgaria
Participation of Society in Public Health
In Bulgaria, public health is based on the active participation of the population. People are encouraged to take part...
The Hebdomon as a Place of Rest and Transition
Several examples have already shown how the Hebdomon was used as a resting place before entering or leaving Constantinople. Earlier, we noted how Theodosius...
The Relic and the Fame of the Church
The great religious reputation of the Church of St. John the Baptist at the Hebdomon rested chiefly on its possession of the revered relic...
The Most Venerated Church of the Hebdomon
Among all the churches of the Hebdomon, the most deeply revered was the one dedicated to St. John the Baptist, known in Greek as...
The Lion and Bull Monument
The Venetian historian Sagrado, in his Memorie Istoriche de Monarchi Ottomani (1677), provides a detailed account of the famous Lion and Bull sculpture in...














