The Relic and the Fame of the Church
The great religious reputation of the Church of St. John the Baptist at the Hebdomon rested chiefly on its possession of the revered relic...
The Most Venerated Church of the Hebdomon
Among all the churches of the Hebdomon, the most deeply revered was the one dedicated to St. John the Baptist, known in Greek as...
The Lion and Bull Monument
The Venetian historian Sagrado, in his Memorie Istoriche de Monarchi Ottomani (1677), provides a detailed account of the famous Lion and Bull sculpture in...
Pietro Zen’s Detailed Description
The Venetian envoy Pietro Zen, in a report sent to his government in 1532, provides a detailed description of the famous Lion and Bull...
The Marble Group of the Lion and the Bull
The famous marble sculpture of the lion attacking the bull is a key piece of evidence in locating the Harbour of the Bucoleon in...
The Influence of the Church of Saint George
The Name “Braz Saint George”
From the Church of Saint George at the Mangana, medieval writers derived the name “Braz Saint George” for the Sea...
The Church and Monastery of Saint George at the Mangana
Location South of the Kynegion
A short distance south of the Kynegion stood one of the most important religious institutions of Byzantine Constantinople: the Church...
Değirmen Kapısı and the Southern Sea Walls
Moving South from the Gate of Saint Barbara
When we continue southward from the Gate of Saint Barbara, we come to another entrance in the...
The Bazaars of Stamboul A Truly Turkish Experience
One of the most fascinating places in Constantinople (now Istanbul) is the bazaars of Stamboul, the old city. These marketplaces are uniquely Turkish and...
The Guilds of Constantinople A Living Tradition
In Constantinople (now Istanbul), many tradesmen and craftsmen still belong to traditional guilds. These guilds were once common all over Europe but disappeared in...
